Refrigerant compressor with impeller having dual splitter blade arrangement

ABSTRACT

In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a refrigerant compressor, including an impeller including a plurality of main blades and first and second splitter blades between adjacent main blades.

RELATED APPLICATION(S)

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63/145,512, filed Feb. 4, 2021, the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference.

BACKGROUND

Refrigerant compressors are used to circulate refrigerant in a chiller via a refrigerant loop. Refrigerant loops are known to include a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device, and an evaporator. The compressor compresses the fluid, which then travels to the condenser, which in turn cools and condenses the fluid. The refrigerant then goes to the expansion device, which decreases the pressure of the fluid, and to the evaporator, where the fluid is vaporized, completing a refrigeration cycle.

Many refrigerant compressors are centrifugal compressors and have an electric motor that drives at least one impeller to compress refrigerant. Fluid flows into the impeller in an axial direction, and is expelled radially from the impeller.

SUMMARY

In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a refrigerant compressor, including: an impeller including a plurality of main blades and first and second splitter blades between adjacent main blades.

In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a refrigerant compressor, wherein the first splitter blade is spaced-apart circumferentially from the second splitter blade.

In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a refrigerant compressor, wherein: the first splitter blade extends a first length between a leading edge and a trailing edge thereof, the second splitter blade extends a second length between a leading edge and a trailing edge thereof, and the first length is greater than the second length.

In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a refrigerant compressor, wherein: each main blade extends a third length between a leading edge and a trailing edge thereof, and the third length is greater than the first and second lengths.

In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a refrigerant compressor, wherein the leading edges of the first splitter blade, the second splitter blade, and each main blade are staggered relative to one another.

In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a refrigerant compressor, wherein the trailing edges of the first splitter blade, the second splitter blade, and each main blade are aligned relative to one another.

In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a refrigerant compressor, wherein the trailing edges of the first splitter blade, the second splitter blade, and each main blade are provided at a common radial distance from a rotational axis of the impeller and are coextensive with an exit of the impeller.

In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a refrigerant compressor, wherein: the leading edge of the first splitter blade is spaced-apart from the leading edge of each main blade by a distance within a range of 30-60% of the third length, and the leading edge of the second splitter blade is spaced-apart from the leading of the first splitter blade by a distance within a range of 30-60% of the first length.

In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a refrigerant compressor, wherein: the first splitter blade exhibits a first maximum thickness, the second splitter blade exhibits a second maximum thickness less than the first maximum thickness, and each main blade exhibits a third maximum thickness greater than the first and second maximum thicknesses.

In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a refrigerant compressor, wherein: the leading edges of each main blade, the first splitter blade, and the second splitter blade are swept so as to be inclined toward respective trailing edges.

In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a refrigerant compressor, wherein camber lines of each main blade, the first splitter blade, and the second splitter blade are parallel to one another.

In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a refrigerant compressor, wherein the impeller includes seven main blades and 14 splitter blades.

In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a refrigerant compressor, wherein the impeller is not shrouded.

In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a refrigerant compressor, including: an impeller including a plurality of main blades and first and second splitter blades between adjacent main blades, wherein the first splitter blade is spaced-apart circumferentially from the second splitter blade, wherein the first splitter blade extends a first length between a leading edge and a trailing edge thereof, wherein the second splitter blade extends a second length between a leading edge and a trailing edge thereof, wherein the first length is greater than the second length, wherein each main blade extends a third length between a leading edge and a trailing edge thereof, wherein the third length is greater than the first and second lengths, wherein the leading edges of the first splitter blade, the second splitter blade, and each main blade are staggered relative to one another, wherein the trailing edges of the first splitter blade, the second splitter blade, and each main blade are aligned relative to one another, wherein the trailing edges of the first splitter blade, the second splitter blade, and each main blade are provided at a common radial distance from a rotational axis of the impeller and are coextensive with an exit of the impeller, wherein the leading edge of the first splitter blade is spaced-apart from the leading edge of each main blade by a distance within a range of 30-60% of the third length, wherein the leading edge of the second splitter blade is spaced-apart from the leading of the first splitter blade by a distance within a range of 30-60% of the first length, wherein the first splitter blade exhibits a first maximum thickness, wherein the second splitter blade exhibits a second maximum thickness less than the first maximum thickness, wherein each main blade exhibits a third maximum thickness greater than the first and second maximum thicknesses, wherein the leading edges of each main blade, the first splitter blade, and the second splitter blade are swept so as to be inclined toward respective trailing edges, and wherein camber lines of each main blade, the first splitter blade, and the second splitter blade are parallel to one another.

In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a refrigerant compressor, wherein: the impeller includes seven main blades and 14 splitter blades, and the impeller is not shrouded.

In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a refrigerant system, including: a main refrigerant loop including a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, and an expansion device, wherein the compressor includes an impeller including a plurality of main blades and first and second splitter blades between adjacent main blades.

In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a refrigerant system, wherein: the first splitter blade extends a first length between a leading edge and a trailing edge thereof, the second splitter blade extends a second length between a leading edge and a trailing edge thereof, the first length is greater than the second length, each main blade extends a third length between a leading edge and a trailing edge thereof, and the third length is greater than the first and second lengths.

In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a refrigerant system, wherein: the leading edges of the first splitter blade, the second splitter blade, and each main blade are staggered relative to one another, and the trailing edges of the first splitter blade, the second splitter blade, and each main blade are aligned relative to one another.

In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a refrigerant system, wherein: the leading edge of the first splitter blade is spaced-apart from the leading edge of each main blade by a distance within a range of 30-60% of the third length, and the leading edge of the second splitter blade is spaced-apart from the leading of the first splitter blade by a distance within a range of 30-60% of the first length.

In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a refrigerant system, wherein: the first splitter blade exhibits a first maximum thickness, the second splitter blade exhibits a second maximum thickness less than the first maximum thickness, and each main blade exhibits a third maximum thickness greater than the first and second maximum thicknesses.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a refrigerant system.

FIG. 2 is a schematic, partial cross-sectional view of a compressor.

FIG. 3 is an axial end view of an example impeller.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional illustration of a portion of the impeller, and in particular illustrates an exemplary blade arrangement, including a main blade, a first splitter blade, and a second splitter blade.

FIG. 5 is a blade-to-blade view of the blade arrangement.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

FIG. 1 illustrates a refrigerant system 10. The refrigerant system 10 includes a main refrigerant loop, or circuit, 12 in communication with a compressor 14, a condenser 16, an evaporator 18, and an expansion device 20. This refrigerant system 10 may be used in a chiller, for example. In that example, a cooling tower may be in fluid communication with the condenser 16. While a particular example of the refrigerant system 10 is shown, this application extends to other refrigerant system configurations, including configurations that do not include a chiller. For instance, the main refrigerant loop 12 can include an economizer downstream of the condenser 16 and upstream of the expansion device 20.

FIG. 2 illustrates, in cross-section, a portion of the compressor 14. The compressor 14 includes an electric motor 22 having a stator 24 arranged radially outside of a rotor 26. The rotor 26 is connected to a shaft 28, which rotates to drive at least one compression stage 30 of the compressor 14, which in this example includes at least one impeller 32. The compressor 14 may include multiple compression stages.

The shaft 28 and impeller 32 are rotatable by the electric motor 22 about an axis A to compress refrigerant F. The terms axial, radial, and circumferential in this disclosure are used relative to the axis A. The shaft 28 may be rotatably supported by a plurality of bearing assemblies, which in one example are magnetic bearing assemblies.

During operation of the compressor 14, refrigerant F flows axially toward the impeller 32 and is expelled radially outwardly to a diffuser 34 downstream of the impeller 32. The diffuser 34 is arranged radially between the outlet of the impeller 32 and a volute 40. The volute 40 may be in fluid communication with the condenser 16 or another compression stage of the compressor 14.

FIG. 3 is an axial end view of the impeller 32 along the axis A. The impeller 32 is configured to rotate in a counter-clockwise direction, in this example. The impeller 32 is not shrouded in this example. However, the impeller 32 could be shrouded.

The impeller 32 includes a plurality of blades projecting radially outward from a hub 42. In particular, the impeller 32 includes a plurality of main blades 44 spaced-apart from one another circumferentially about the axis A. Two of the main blades 44 are labeled in FIG. 3. The impeller 32 includes seven total main blades 44 in the example of FIG. 3. This disclosure extends to impellers that include another number of main blades 44.

With reference to FIGS. 4 and 5, the main blades 44 extend from a leading edge 46 adjacent an inlet to the impeller 32 to a trailing edge 48 adjacent an outlet of the impeller 32. The main blades 44 are configured to receive a flow of fluid flowing in an axial direction and to turn that flow such that it is radially expelled from the impeller 32.

Between each of the adjacent main blades 44, the impeller 32 includes first and second splitter blades 50, 52, in this example. The arrangement of a main blade 44, a first splitter blade 50, and a second splitter blade 52 is continued and repeated about the axis A.

The first splitter blade 50 extends between a leading edge 54 and a trailing edge 56. Likewise, the second splitter blade 52 extends between a leading edge 58 and a trailing edge 60.

The first and second splitter blades 50, 52 are shorter than the main blades 44. Specifically, a length of the first and second splitter blades 50, 52 between the respective leading and trailing edges is less than that of the main blades 44. Further, the second splitter blades 52 are shorter than the first splitter blades 50.

The main blades 44 and first and second splitter blades 50, 52 are staggered relative to one another along the impeller 32. In particular, with reference to FIG. 5, the leading edges 46, 54, 58 are spaced-apart from one another while the trailing edges 48, 56, 60 are aligned. In particular, the trailing edges 48, 56, 60 are provided at a common distance, namely a radial distance, away from the axis A. The trailing edges 48, 56, 60 are coextensive with the exit of the impeller 32, in this example.

Referring to FIG. 5, in this example, the leading edge 54 is spaced-apart from the leading edge 48 by a distance D₁ within a range of 30-60% of the overall length of the main blade 44. The leading edge 58 is spaced-apart from the leading edge 54 by a distance D₂ within a range of 30-60% of the overall length of the splitter blade 50. The lengths of the blades 44, 50, 52 are measured along their camber lines, in this example. The distances D₁, D₂ are measured parallel to the camber lines.

The first and second splitter blades 50, 52 extend parallel to the main blade 44, meaning their respective camber lines are parallel to one another. Further, the first splitter blade 50 exhibits a maximum thickness T₂ less than a maximum thickness T₁ of the main blade 44. The thicknesses T₁, T₂ are greater than the maximum thickness T₃ of the second splitter blade 52. Further, the leading edges 46, 54, 58 may be swept, and specifically inclined toward the trailing edges 48, 56, 60 in some examples.

The blade arrangement of this disclosure provides the impeller 32 with a balance between increasing the capacity of the compressor 14, by providing a relatively large throat between the adjacent main blades, while still also providing a relatively high pressure ratio, by providing two splitter blades between each main blade. This disclosure is particularly beneficial in the context of refrigerant compressors, and specifically those that use magnetic bearings.

It should be understood that terms such as “axial” and “radial” are used above with reference to the normal operational attitude of a compressor. Further, these terms have been used herein for purposes of explanation, and should not be considered otherwise limiting. Terms such “generally,” “about,” and “substantially” are not intended to be boundaryless terms, and should be interpreted consistent with the way one skilled in the art would interpret those terms.

Although the different examples have the specific components shown in the illustrations, embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to those particular combinations. It is possible to use some of the components or features from one of the examples in combination with features or components from another one of the examples.

One of ordinary skill in this art would understand that the above-described embodiments are exemplary and non-limiting. That is, modifications of this disclosure would come within the scope of the claims. Accordingly, the following claims should be studied to determine their true scope and content. 

1. A refrigerant compressor, comprising: an impeller including a plurality of main blades and first and second splitter blades between adjacent main blades.
 2. The refrigerant compressor as recited in claim 1, wherein the first splitter blade is spaced-apart circumferentially from the second splitter blade.
 3. The refrigerant compressor as recited in claim 1, wherein: the first splitter blade extends a first length between a leading edge and a trailing edge thereof, the second splitter blade extends a second length between a leading edge and a trailing edge thereof, and the first length is greater than the second length.
 4. The refrigerant compressor as recited in claim 3, wherein: each main blade extends a third length between a leading edge and a trailing edge thereof, and the third length is greater than the first and second lengths.
 5. The refrigerant compressor as recited in claim 4, wherein the leading edges of the first splitter blade, the second splitter blade, and each main blade are staggered relative to one another.
 6. The refrigerant compressor as recited in claim 5, wherein the trailing edges of the first splitter blade, the second splitter blade, and each main blade are aligned relative to one another.
 7. The refrigerant compressor as recited in claim 6, wherein the trailing edges of the first splitter blade, the second splitter blade, and each main blade are provided at a common radial distance from a rotational axis of the impeller and are coextensive with an exit of the impeller.
 8. The refrigerant compressor as recited in claim 6, wherein: the leading edge of the first splitter blade is spaced-apart from the leading edge of each main blade by a distance within a range of 30-60% of the third length, and the leading edge of the second splitter blade is spaced-apart from the leading of the first splitter blade by a distance within a range of 30-60% of the first length.
 9. The refrigerant compressor as recited in claim 6, wherein: the first splitter blade exhibits a first maximum thickness, the second splitter blade exhibits a second maximum thickness less than the first maximum thickness, and each main blade exhibits a third maximum thickness greater than the first and second maximum thicknesses.
 10. The refrigerant compressor as recited in claim 6, wherein: the leading edges of each main blade, the first splitter blade, and the second splitter blade are swept so as to be inclined toward respective trailing edges.
 11. The refrigerant compressor as recited in claim 1, wherein camber lines of each main blade, the first splitter blade, and the second splitter blade are parallel to one another.
 12. The refrigerant compressor as recited in claim 1, wherein the impeller includes seven main blades and 14 splitter blades.
 13. The refrigerant compressor as recited in claim 1, wherein the impeller is not shrouded.
 14. A refrigerant compressor, comprising: an impeller including a plurality of main blades and first and second splitter blades between adjacent main blades, wherein the first splitter blade is spaced-apart circumferentially from the second splitter blade, wherein the first splitter blade extends a first length between a leading edge and a trailing edge thereof, wherein the second splitter blade extends a second length between a leading edge and a trailing edge thereof, wherein the first length is greater than the second length, wherein each main blade extends a third length between a leading edge and a trailing edge thereof, wherein the third length is greater than the first and second lengths, wherein the leading edges of the first splitter blade, the second splitter blade, and each main blade are staggered relative to one another, wherein the trailing edges of the first splitter blade, the second splitter blade, and each main blade are aligned relative to one another, wherein the trailing edges of the first splitter blade, the second splitter blade, and each main blade are provided at a common radial distance from a rotational axis of the impeller and are coextensive with an exit of the impeller, wherein the leading edge of the first splitter blade is spaced-apart from the leading edge of each main blade by a distance within a range of 30-60% of the third length, wherein the leading edge of the second splitter blade is spaced-apart from the leading of the first splitter blade by a distance within a range of 30-60% of the first length, wherein the first splitter blade exhibits a first maximum thickness, wherein the second splitter blade exhibits a second maximum thickness less than the first maximum thickness, wherein each main blade exhibits a third maximum thickness greater than the first and second maximum thicknesses, wherein the leading edges of each main blade, the first splitter blade, and the second splitter blade are swept so as to be inclined toward respective trailing edges, and wherein camber lines of each main blade, the first splitter blade, and the second splitter blade are parallel to one another.
 15. The refrigerant compressor as recited in claim 14, wherein: the impeller includes seven main blades and 14 splitter blades, and the impeller is not shrouded.
 16. A refrigerant system, comprising: a main refrigerant loop including a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, and an expansion device, wherein the compressor includes an impeller including a plurality of main blades and first and second splitter blades between adjacent main blades.
 17. The refrigerant system as recited in claim 16, wherein: the first splitter blade extends a first length between a leading edge and a trailing edge thereof, the second splitter blade extends a second length between a leading edge and a trailing edge thereof, the first length is greater than the second length, each main blade extends a third length between a leading edge and a trailing edge thereof, and the third length is greater than the first and second lengths.
 18. The refrigerant system as recited in claim 17, wherein: the leading edges of the first splitter blade, the second splitter blade, and each main blade are staggered relative to one another, and the trailing edges of the first splitter blade, the second splitter blade, and each main blade are aligned relative to one another.
 19. The refrigerant system as recited in claim 17, wherein: the leading edge of the first splitter blade is spaced-apart from the leading edge of each main blade by a distance within a range of 30-60% of the third length, and the leading edge of the second splitter blade is spaced-apart from the leading of the first splitter blade by a distance within a range of 30-60% of the first length.
 20. The refrigerant system as recited in claim 17, wherein: the first splitter blade exhibits a first maximum thickness, the second splitter blade exhibits a second maximum thickness less than the first maximum thickness, and each main blade exhibits a third maximum thickness greater than the first and second maximum thicknesses. 